3.3 KiB
Sure! Here are some ideas related to the topics you mentioned:
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Data structure: A data structure refers to how data is organized and stored in computer memory. It provides a way to efficiently access and manipulate the data. Examples of common data structures include arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, graphs, and hash tables.
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Variable declaration and initialization: In programming languages like Python or C++, variables need to be declared before they can be used. Declaration involves specifying the type of variable (e.g., int for integer) and giving it a name. Initialization is assigning an initial value to a variable at the time of declaration.
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Data collection, input, and validation: Data collection involves gathering relevant information from various sources or inputs such as user input via keyboard or files. Input validation ensures that the provided data meets certain criteria or constraints before further processing.
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Data processing: Data processing refers to performing operations on collected or inputted data to obtain desired results or insights. This may involve calculations, transformations, filtering, sorting, searching algorithms (discussed later), etc.
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Program output: Program output refers to any information that is generated by a program as a result of its execution. It can take different forms such as text printed on the screen/console/output file/graphical displays/etc.
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Interface of the program: The interface of a program defines how users interact with it. This includes command-line interfaces (CLI) where users enter commands through terminal/console windows and graphical user interfaces (GUI) where users interact with buttons/menus/forms/etc.
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Modularity: Modularity refers to breaking down a program into smaller modules or functions that perform specific tasks independently but work together when called upon by other parts/modules/functions within the program. This promotes code organization and reusability while making maintenance easier.
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Reusability: Reusability means designing code in such a way that it can be easily reused in different parts of a program or in other programs altogether. This is achieved by creating modular and loosely-coupled code that can be easily integrated into different contexts.
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Portability: Portability refers to the ability of a program to run on different platforms or operating systems without modification. It involves writing platform-independent code, using standard libraries, and avoiding platform-specific dependencies.
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System development cycle: The system development cycle (also known as the software development life cycle) encompasses all phases/stages involved in developing a software/system, including requirements gathering/analysis, design, implementation/coding, testing/debugging, deployment/installation/maintenance.
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Sorting and searching algorithms: Sorting algorithms are used to arrange elements in a specific order (e.g., ascending/descending). Common sorting algorithms include bubble sort, insertion sort, selection sort, merge sort, quicksort. Searching algorithms are used to find specific elements within data structures efficiently. Examples include linear search and binary search.
These concepts provide a foundation for designing efficient programs with good structure and functionality while ensuring usability and maintainability throughout their lifecycle.